publications

Metallurgical and Economic Considerations of the AOD and VOD Process

Several factors must be considered to determine the right process or route (duplex or triplex). It’s crucial to recognize that processing stainless and special steels requires modern mass production, with a strong emphasis on ergonomics and resource efficiency.

R. Pierer | S. Michelic

Process Control Systems for the VOD and AOD Process

This article outlines the requirements for modern software solutions to supervise, control, and optimize metallurgical processes. While focused on AOD and VOD, it offers valuable insights for the entire process industry in general.

R. Pierer | S. Michelic

Digital Twins for Metallurgical Processes

We introduced the term “intelligent” digital twin in this article, as the approach combines fundamental-based models with data-driven methods. By merging the strengths of both, it creates models with significantly improved properties compared to existing ones.

R. Pierer | S. Michelic

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